Where are you from?
Bow hunting is a great experience. Obviously its more difficult to than rifle hunting, mostly because you have to be within 50 yds (if you're good) to take game. If you're like me, you have to get within 30 yds. Bow hunting also requires a bit more discipline and awareness, which is inherent with getting that close to game, but if you play the wind, and hunt where the game is, you should have success.
Javalina or hogs may be a good start to get into it, since they are not as sensitive/aware as deer, but you will need to buy some equipment to get into it, and if you want to be ready by January, I would buy it now.
I would first suggest going with a compound bow. It seems to have less of a learning curve.
I was fortunate, and found a good used bow for about $150 (came with sight, arrow rest, peep sight, stabilizer), but if you go new, you could spend anywhere from $300 to $1000 on a new bow and accessories. If you buy a cheap combo, you can always upgrade components later. To get something descent, thats new, I would estimate spending around $500, but preach might know better. In any case, I would go to an archery shop, check out a few bow packages, and see what you like or what you think you will like.
There are a lot of things to consider when buying a bow so see what fits you. Look at pounds of pull, velocity, cam configuration, draw length, etc. Don't feel like you need 90 lbs of pull, b/c most of the time you don't.
At a minimum you will probly need: Bow, arrow rest, stabilizer, half dozen arrows, sight, peep sight, release, quiver, broadheads, bow case, target (to practice with),etc.
When practicing, don't wear yourself out. A big mistake I first made was shooting my 70lb bow for a couple of hours at a time. All you do is wear yourself out and you start pulling shots. For me its better to go outside, shoot 3 shots, then take at least an hour or two off. Most of the time I just shoot once in the morning, because most of the time, the only shot that counts is the first one.
For hogs, you can kill them from the ground. It seems like they would be one of the easier animals to get into. Also, for feral hogs, baiting is legal in a lot of places, which makes it easier. You don't usually use calls for Hogs, or at least I don't as its more of a spot and stalk affair unless you are hunting over bait (check your local regulations).
Deer are a different animal for sure. You can also kill deer from the ground, but you have to be careful. Again, play the wind, make sure they are not looking at you when you draw.
This hasn't even scratched the surface, but hopefully gives you a starting place. I'm sure others will chime in.